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Chemistry International
Vol. 23, No. 4
July 2001
Long-Range Research
Initiative (LRI) of the American Chemistry Council (cont')
Table 3
Selected highlights of projects funded by the Long-Range Research Initiative
as of June 2000.
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Projects
Link to
> Objective
>> Outcome
>>> Status
- Chemical
carcinogenesis:
Study the potential health effects of trace amounts of chloroform in
drinking water.
- Endocrine,
reproductive, and developmental toxicity:
Develop models for representative species and determine whether they
act asan indication for endocrine-activematerials.
- Environmental
research:
Evaluate habitat use to improve exposure assessment and evaluateemission
rates for ambientexposure levels.
- Epidemiology
- Exposure
modeling research: Address the limitations of existing models used
to predict the occurence of human exposure through various pathways.
- Immunotoxicology:
Develop animal models that predict the ability of chemical allergens
to induce or exacerbate reactions in the respiratory tract.
- Respiratory
toxicology: Study dosimetry and risk assessment issues for inhaled
gases.
- Risk
assessment methods: Study the effects of interindividual differences
in human nasal anatomy on respiratory airflow and inhaled gas uptake.
Project
> Objective
>> Outcome
>>> Status
- Chemical
carcinogenesis: Study the potential health effects of trace amounts
of chloroform in drinking water.
> Determine
the mechanism of action for liver tumor formation.
>> Results
showed that tumorformation in test animals isnot relevant to chloroform
risk assessment.
>>> The
U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency has revised its riskassessment
of chloroform.
- Endocrine,
reproductive, and developmental toxicity:
Develop models for representative species and determine whether they
act asan indication for endocrine-activematerials.
> Determine
how the findings involving the response of onespecies apply to humans
andother animals.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> Three
projects are under way.
- Environmental
research: Evaluate habitat use to improve exposure assessment
and evaluateemission rates for ambientexposure levels.
> Collect
data to validate existing or new habitatevaluation methods.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> Two
projects are under way.
- Epidemiology
> Examine
mortality of 1 million Chemical workers.
>> Information
on long-termhealth effects was obtained.
>>> This
project has been completed. Peer review is under way.
- Exposure
modeling research: Address the limitations of existing models
used to predict the occurence of human exposure through various pathways.
> Establish
better exposure model for high-production-other chemicalsfor which
there will be healtheffects data.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> Three
projects are under way.
- Immunotoxicology:
Develop animal models that predict the ability of chemical allergens
to induce or exacerbate reactions in the respiratory tract.
> Examine
different measurements in rodents exposed to known respiratory allergens
to determine the most accurate predictors of whether a chemical is
capable of actingas a respiratory allergen.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> Three
studies have beensponsored, two by the American Chemistry Council
and one by the European Chemical Industry Council.
- Respiratory
toxicology: Study dosimetry and risk assessment issues for inhaled
gases.
> Develop,
refine, and expand computational biological models for the upper respiratory
tract.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> Collaboration
is under way withU.S. EPA scientists to refineinhalation reference
concentration(RfC) methodology.
- Risk
assessment methods: Study the effects of interindividual differences
in human nasal anatomy on respiratory airflow and inhaled gas uptake.
> Simulate
airflow and regional gas uptake in nasal passages.
>> Studies
are in progress.
>>> There
is the potential for thedevelopment of several newhuman computational
fluiddynamics models based ondifferent nasal anatomies.
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