Influence of chloride, water, and organic solvents on the physical
properties of ionic liquids*
Kenneth R. Seddon**,
Annegret Stark, and María-José Torres
QUILL Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Stranmillis
Rd., Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
Abstract: We report here the first systematic study of the effect
of impurities and additives (e.g., water, chloride, and cosolvents)
on the physical properties of room-temperature ionic liquids. Remarkably,
it was discovered that the viscosity of mixtures was dependent mainly
on the mole fraction of added molecular solvents and only to a lesser
extent upon their identity, allowing viscosity changes during the course
of a reaction to be entirely predictable. While the addition of such
molecular solvents decreases the viscosity and density, chloride impurities,
arising from the preparation of the ionic liquids, increase viscosity
dramatically. The commonly used methods of preparation were validated
with respect to chloride impurity.
*Plenary lecture presented at the 15th
International Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry (ICPOC 15), Göteborg,
Sweden, 8 13 July 2000. Other presentations are published in this
issue, pp. 2219 2358.
**Corresponding author
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